P906
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A Collective Decision

ℹ️Published on Saturday, 7th September 2024, 08:00 pm; Solved by 212;
Difficulty rating: 35%

Three friends attempt to collectively choose one of $n$ options, labeled $1,\dots,n$, based upon their individual preferences. They choose option $i$ if for every alternative option $j$ at least two of the three friends prefer $i$ over $j$. If no such option $i$ exists they fail to reach an agreement.

Define $P(n)$ to be the probability the three friends successfully reach an agreement and choose one option, where each of the friends' individual order of preference is given by a (possibly different) random permutation of $1,\dots,n$.

You are given $P(3)=17/18$ and $P(10)\approx0.6760292265$.

Find $P(20\,000)$. Give your answer rounded to ten places after the decimal point.



Soluzione

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